HHO Purple Bug

Friday, July 25, 2008

Avoid Highway Robbery by Using The New Crude--WATER

Avoid Highway Robbery by Using The New Crude--WATER

by: Leslie Lackman

HERE'S THE BAD NEWS.

Engines waste gasoline! Up to 80% of the high-priced gas that you pump doesn't get you anywhere because it goes UNBURNED to the catalytic converter. That means you are getting 0 MPG (zero, zilch, nada) from most of the over-priced gasoline you pump into your tank.

WHY DO COMBUSTION ENGINES WASTE SO MUCH GAS?

That's what they are designed to do--WASTE GAS--because every second of every day, everywhere in the world, every single gas and diesel engine on the planet puts money into the deep, deep, DEEP pockets of Big Oil.

Automotive and fuel technology has been deliberately held back, and people have been kept in the dark about AMAZING inventions and discoveries, in order to sell us lots of gasoline. Sorry, but that's how it is.

For example, the gas could be preheated and better formulated for better combustion--but it's not. The fuel vapor droplets could be smaller for efficient combustion--but they're not. The pre-set computer-controlled air-to-fuel ratio could be more economical--but it's not. The exhaust could be reprocessed to contribute to mileage (there are patents on that)--but it's not. Cars could be using a better carburetor design--but they're not because the patent for a 100 MPG carburetor was bought and buried years ago. Cars could be running completely on water fuel--but they're not because those patents were also bought and then buried along with the inventor (however, the patents ran out recently!). Even the hybrids that Big Auto is selling at luxury car prices don't optimize gasoline combustion and consumption.

HERE'S THE GOOD NEWS.

You can do something about it, ONE CAR AT A TIME, starting with YOUR car.

How? By using ENERGY from WATER.

If that sounds impossible, or crazy, or delusional, I understand. This is something that none of our trusted sources of information--TV, radio, teachers, movies, professors, magazines, dad, scientists, books, Sesame Street--have told us about. Why? See the bad news, above.

I mentioned amazing inventions and discoveries. Many of them have very sophisticated technical patents on them. But the kind of water energy system I am talking about, the one that is affordable and do-able by ME and YOU in OUR cars (not by buying a Big Auto hybrid with a luxury car pricetag), is a do-it-yourself technology, specifically designed for beginners with basic tools and very limited budgets. A working system can be built at home for $20 to $200 worth of parts and installed in your car, truck, or SUV on a weekend. It's a 90-year-old technology that has been revived and developed into a simple, affordable, SAFE system based on low-cost hardware.

It works like this: The main component of the low-cost water energy system is an electrolyzer-a container of water with electrodes in it. The electrolyzer takes a tiny bit of electricity from your car. The electricity "splits" water into hydroxyl gas and feeds it immediately to the engine cylinders. The improved air/fuel mix gets very efficient combustion.

SPINNING WHEELS, NOT HEADS

Remember the bad news at the top? Remember I said that wasted fuel can be as much as 80%? In other words, even though you have paid $3.50 or more per gallon, you are only getting performance from as little as 20%--two gallons out of every ten--of the gas you pay good money for! It puts a whole new complexion on the phrase "highway robbery."

Our heads are spinning from rising gas prices. Now imagine instead that ALL your gasoline is working for you--it's actually turning your wheels and not just being turned into carbon deposits on your engine or exhaust from the catalytic converter. What would it be like for ALL that gasoline to be giving you mileage? It would be a WHOLE LOT MORE ECONOMICAL, that's what! That's what happens when you add the energy from water.

SEEING THE SEA OF ENERGY

Wondering how much energy is in water?

One gallon of water converts to approximately 1,833 gallons of combustible gas. One observer noted that a gallon of water in his water energy system lasted for about 2,700 miles.

"Energy from water" is hard to believe because we are misled by the appearance of water when it's liquied. It looks so, well, WET and noncombustible. But if we could SEE the sea of energy in the water--zillions of hydrogen and oxygen atoms ready to break out and be combustible gas under the right conditions--it would be easy to conceive that, indeed, water can be "burned" in an engine, thus taking advantage of a new "crude"--plain water.

Why aren't scientists telling us about this? Why doesn't it make big headlines? More bad news. Some of them just don't know about it, and some are paid to tell us about anything BUT this. Also, scientists are sometimes far behind empirical evidence from experimenters and inventors. Sometimes a true scientist makes an amazing discovery and is suddenly way ahead of everyone. What happens then? He or she has to fight all the other scientists that are way behind or too vested in the old paradigm. So who are the true scientists around here? A TRUE scientist could be anyone, including a scientist.

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION

Here is something to ponder from Patrick J. Kelly of http://www.PanaceaUniversity.org. He has a delightful way of tilting one's mind out of its box:

"The Law of Conservation of Energy is undoubtedly correct when it shows that more energy cannot be taken out of any system than is put into that system. However, that does not mean that WE cannot get more energy out of a system than WE put into it. A crude example is a solar panel in sunlight. We get electrical power out of the panel but we do not put the sunlight into the panel-the sunlight arrives on its own. This example is simple as we can see the sunlight reaching the solar panel.

"If, instead of the solar panel, we had a device which absorbs some of the energy that Quantum Mechanics observes and then gives out, say, electrical power, would that be so different? Most people say "yes!--it is impossible!" but this reaction is based on the fact that we cannot see this sea of energy. Should we say that a TV set cannot possibly work because we cannot see a television transmission signal?"

BUT ISN'T IT DANGEROUS?

We have been living and driving with danger for decades--it's called GASOLINE! Cars and trucks are planet-polluting bombs on wheels! But we are accustomed to it, right? And for the most part, we don't blow ourselves up.

But in the water energy system, I know, you think we're talking about tanks of compressed hydrogen in the car, but that's not how it is done! Here's the beauty of it:

Hydrogen is already compressed in plain water!

All we do in a water for fuel system is UNCOMPRESS and USE it--immediately, on-demand, in the engine! No hydrogen bombs on board. Just a container of distilled water! And the exhaust is--WATER! You split water, you burn it, you get fantastic mileage, you get a little water left over.

GREEN TECHNOLOGY

You can't get much greener than this unless you go for an engine designed to run completely on water, like the one that was designed and proven by Stanley Meyers when he drove across the United States on approximately 28 gallons of water. (You can see interviews with him on YouTube.) You can't get much more affordable, either. And because this is GREEN technology, and you will not be causing any damage to the car or the engine (far from it), your warranty will most likely be intact AND the government will owe you money for going green!

INSTALL WATER ENERGY SYSTEM, DROP JAW

You could pay someone to install your water for gas system. There are hundreds of people around the world who are constructing and installing water energy systems, as well as driving "watercars" themselves. These people save gas, save money, get much better mileage, and enjoy smoother-running engines and greatly reduced emissions. And that's why they are happy to do the same for you so you can save gas, save money, get much better mileage, and enjoy a smoother-running engine and reduced emissions.

Or you could do it yourself, in which case you would first get instructions, which are available on line. Then you would make a parts list and buy the parts from hardware and electronics stores. Third, you would construct the components of the water energy system, put them all together, and install the system, making all the necessary adjustments to it. You would now be the proud owner of a Water Hybrid Vehicle. And last, after picking up your jaw from the floor, where it has dropped in astonishment at your engine's mileage and performance, you would become an advocate of water energy, as I have.

BETTER COMBUSTION FOR THE MIND

To really grasp the implications and possibilities here, we must first clean the carbon deposits out of our minds. Using waterfuel is an approach to our cars and fuel that requires more participation from us. The whole water energy system consists of physical components PLUS your mind and attitudes about fuel consumption. To really optimize your waterfuel system, you will also be using fuel warmer, some Kiker wires to improve the spark, Xylene to add to your gasoline, a low-friction synthetic motor oil, a couple bottles of fuel treatment to clean carbon deposits from old unburned fuel out of your engine, a MAP sensor enhancer to keep the car computer from over-correcting the fuel mix back to over-rich, tires that are always fully inflated, and a real-time mileage tracker so that you won't have to use an entire tank of gas to know what mileage you are getting.

Perhaps the most important thing is this:

Trust yourself.

When you use an "alternative" fuel-efficiency system, you are an experimenter who is going against the herd and chances are, you are going to get some flack. Don't be fooled by self-appointed "experts" who don't have hands-on experience and say it can't be done. When they laugh or frown or condescend and say, "It's scientifically impossible," well, first of all, you know they are not "true scientists" (so why are they acting like they know what "scientifically" means?). Ask them if they have ever tried it themselves. You will find they have not. Further discussion might be fruitless, but you can try. Tell them to just wait and see. See for yourself. Don't wait ten years for big industry to do it because they don't want to GIVE you anything--they are only thinking about what they can GET from you while they continue making empty promises.

WHAT CAN A WATER ENERGY SYSTEM REALLY DO FOR ME?

Well…

How much will gas cost the next time you fill your tank?

A water energy system won't lower the price of ALL gasoline.

It will lower the price of YOURS. But don't just take my word for it.

Leslie Lackman is an advocate of the application of free, unlimited energies--mind, water, life force--to cars, health, wellness, and performance.
http://water4gas-4heroes.eoltt.com

About The Author
Leslie Lackman is an advocate of the application of free, unlimited energies-- mind, water, and life force--to cars, health, wellness, and performance. This article is copyrighted, all rights reserved, and it may be used only if kept entirely intact with the author's name and URL.

at 4:51 PM 1 comments

Labels: Articles

Wednesday, July 23, 2008

Hydrogen Inducement Device (tm)

This is probably a breakthrough idea whose time has been long overdue.

It is unfortunate that those who have the idea, concept or solution - normally doesn't have the means to implement or execute their plans.

And even if they have a brilliant plan that they can execute... other factors comes into the picture and again, obstruct any means to implement it.

One apparent situation is the ever growing energy crisis which affect the Global scenario up to the smallest unit of the social spectrum.

For the past 30 years... Daniel Dingel and Stanley Meyer has been carving their names in the history of the Hydrogen or Water for Fuel Race.

But so many sorts of conspiracy theories have been coming out surrounding these people.

For the last 20 years, the research and development of these technologies has subsided... it was only last year (starting June 2007) where experimenters began experimenting again after Stan Meyers Patent expired.

HHO, a.k.a. Browns Gas (named after Yull Brown) who discovered it in the 18th Century, has began surfacing in the internet in a much greater degree lately since partly because of the rising petrol prices.

To date... there are probably more than 160 websites offering HHO products for direct consumers. Mostly are E-Books for DIY'ers, (do it yourselfers)... this is normal for any breakthrough technology product, since it is not totally tested by the market and since there is no certifying body to regulate the players.

At any rate, many enterprising and over enthusiastic individuals have began using many unique brand names for their product... some are really technical sounding and yet some are misnomers.

One misnomer is that 'HHO Injection'... this is a misnomer since HHO is not really injected nor forced into the system of your ICE (internal combustion engine). the right term is INDUCTION. HHO is simply introduced in into the system by the vacuum of the intake. therefore, HHO is simply induced, therefore, INDUCTION is the right word to use here.

Since Oxygen is normally produced in a normal HHO generator, we cannot simply say that we have a Hydrogen on demand gadget... therefore, HHO must be used to differentiate these units from Real Hydrogen Generators. Real Hydrogen Generators on the other hand produce 2 output gases... one pure Oxygen and one Pure Hydrogen.

However, HHO units are much easier and cheaper to produce... and moreover, HHO generators produce HHO gases that combusts a lot faster than pure Hydrogen alone. However, Hydrogen Gas in its pure state - still combust much faster than normal Gasoline... and to combine it with Gasoline will still produce about 130 Octane. And since Oxygen is already present in the atmosphere... it is not necessary to induce more volume of Oxygen anymore since it will only further enrich the AF mixture and produce a more quicker burning fuel... but too quick is not what we really need in our internal combustion machines; otherwise, we will be needing to adjust our ignition timing to a retard position.

To add: Oxygen is already present in the atmosphere, therefore, the air being sucked during a cycle... is sufficient enough for our combustion requirement.

OK... now comes the part where I am going to reveal to you the real secret; Hydrogen Inducement... that's pure Hydrogen or HH Gas.. H2 is well probably the more appropriate term.

But H2 is commonly regarded as hard to produce... and that it involves too much energy to break... but HHO have been increasingly researched and developed further that H2 production has evolved at the same time.

It is now only a matter of time when this breakthrough technology will be available in the market. Probably much sooner than we expect.

More to come... stay tuned.

.




Wednesday, July 16, 2008

Browns Gas

HYDROXY or "Brown's Gas" by Todd Knudtson

The relative nature of energy; (Theories of the Hydroxy reaction).

I do find it necessary to respond to your inquires on Hydroxy, or "Browns Gas"

I have some difficulty deciding where to start, as I will be describing a type of reaction that has no parallel to my knowledge. The inherent struggle then is posed, as how to intelligently describe an unusual state of matter and energy relationships, that are present and observable in this reaction, to you or those who have never seen this phenomenon.

To this end, I would ask that you and your readers engage in an academic exercise with me. Do not suspend your current beliefs in the conventional understandings of physics, but do walk with me on an academic journey of exploration. To do this I will be forced to ask that you consider the existence of "The Hydroxy" reaction to be an assumed reality, only for the purposes of this discussion.

Lets examine a few of the known characteristics of energy as expressed in observable phenomenon. Light, Electro-magnetism, Inertia, Gravity, and Heat.

I have often referred to the Hydroxy reaction as not manifesting as a thing or substance, but rather an understanding. My focus on this reaction is as if I were looking at the universe through another window of explanation. The predictable and demonstrable manner in which this plasma-like state reacts with other substances, offers a new view of physical relationships of matter and energy. All of what we know in Science is forwarded by this type of critical differentiation of observable reactions of "matter" and "energy states".

As we might apply a magnet to differing materials, we then begin to observe a range of experiences. To some materials it is attracted, to others magnetism has no effect. We then begin to divide materials into categories based on their reactivity to magnetic forces, i.e. magnetic, non-magnetic. Investigating further we find that some materials may retain a residual effect of being subjected to a magnetic field. i.e. Retentivity, or the ability to hold a magnetic charge. Still further we find materials that will conduct electricity and others that resist this flow of electrical energy. Confusing us a bit further is the consideration that materials that are not magnetically reactive are often the best conductors of electrical current. i.e. Copper, Silver, Gold, Aluminum. The coiling of these materials in the form a thin wire we are able to generate magnetic fields that surpass highly retentive materials like Ferrous Magnetite. Thus the work of examination of energy and matter yields ever increasing insights to the nature of the universe.

Light is presumed to travel in a straight line, until you factor in accelerating inertia. Relative to a body in a change of motion, light mathematically begins to bend, no longer traveling in a straight line with reference to an observer in acceleration.. Light was thought for a long time to be pure energy. In resent years, the Photon, has been shown to exhibit mass, an estimated 4 pounds of which strikes the earth every second. Light also contains "Radiant Energy" or heat. The argument for this theory is the fact that light passes through a vacuum, (space), to impact and warm the surface the earth. The transmission of radiant heat through a vacuum would require a carrier, (the Photon), to poses mass to retain this heat. Examination of any thermos bottle, can easily show that vacuum resists the convection of radiant energy. This seeming inconsistency of behavior lead Scientists to look for mass in the Photon. It is often the inconsistencies that drive scientific investigation.

These examinations of physical properties and behaviors lead us to a current yet changing understanding of all things, and their manipulation drives the Practical Sciences. Fundamental to applying these properties and characteristics, is our ever deepening knowledge of the interplay between energy and mater.

As we have learned all that we know about the universe by comparing materials and their behaviors with reference to energy. I find it incomprehensible that their is such a great reluctance to examine the properties of a reaction that demonstrates new attributes. I might add, not one or two unusual properties, but a whole raft of unique characteristics.

Einstein, examined nature and postulated most of his theories upon simple observations. His analogy of the train whistle's' pitch changing as it passes, with reference to a stationary observer, is a fine example. Lets substitute the ticking of a clock in the cab of the train for the whistle. To the engineer in the train, the clock ticks at a regular and metered pace; "Tick... tock,... tick... tock,... tick... tock". To a person, standing by the side of the rail, who might be able to hear this clock as the train rapidly approaches, would perceive the clocks' beat to appear to speed up; "Tick..tick..tick..tick". As the train passed, the stationary observer would here the period of the beat of the clock, seem to slow down; "Tock........tock........tock........tock". This is an easy to understand example of the "Doppler Effect" of frequencies in relative motion. But, here is the next question. Has the energy of the sound changed?

As this train approaches is the ticking of the clock "louder" to the observer? This is the question of relative effects of a type of energy called "Kinetic Energy". Like most other forms of energy, "Kinetic" has two main components, mass and velocity, or weight and speed. The laws governing Kinetic energy are easy to understand. If something moves faster it is seen to have more energy if it strikes a still object. The baseball tossed lightly to a three year child, has much less impact than the same baseball thrown by a pitcher, in a major league ball game. Same ball, differing speeds. The energy contained in the ball has changed, but what effect did this change in energy have on the ball? Most other forms of energy change materials that it may come into contact with. Electro-magnetism may cause a change in the excitation of molecules. Heat energy may cause materials to expand. This Kinetic energy, does not exhibit these types of influences on materials. Does the baseball get heavier, fatter, longer? Or is it that we have not developed the instruments to measure this change, if it exists. We can say, with some certainty, that this type of energy does in fact exist, because we can observe, test and measure it.

Just a side note; Einstein reconciled his mathematical difficulties with regard to matter accelerated to near the speed of light, deducing that matter would simply shrink. Further, he posed that matter at the speed of light would simply cease to exist, as it mathematically be reduced to nothingness. He therefore, places the speed of light as an absolute barrier for matter.

With regard to Hydroxy, the existence of a different type of energy may well be like the dilemmas surrounding Kinetic energy. We can see its effects, study its relationships, but find it hard to define using our known understandings. Does that mean that it does not exist? I would rather put forward that we now have a new tool of investigation, to apply to expanding our understanding of the universe. A new reference to examine the interplay of matter and energy. No small statement, as this type of discovery only seems to come along about once a century.

Sometimes it is a good practice to describe something new by looking at what it is not. Examination by differentiation, is well used by Science, and is a very fruitful method of looking at things. A practical example may be Density. We know that some things float and some things sink in water. If you would have a box of ball bearings mixed with corks, you could easily separate them by dumping them into a pan of water. Skim off the corks, and pour the water of the b all bearings, and the task of separating them would be easily solved. The segregation of Scientific Knowledge is much like this simple example.

Now, lets see what sinks and what floats.

A NEW FORM OF ENERGY. As I have said, no small statement! Who would offer such a bold statement. My only answer is simply, those who have seen it! This discovery started simply, enough from a few normal observations about a molecule, (Water), and its' constituent materials, (Hydrogen and Oxygen). A third grader will tell you of his experimenting with a candle in a jar. If you close the lid on the jar the candle will go out. His teacher will explain that the candle has consumed all the Oxygen in the closed jar, and can now longer burn. Our third grader then gets the point. Oxygen is essential to combustion. He may also learn of the "Triangle of Fire" namely, fuel, heat, and air. Heat, expands the materials in the fuel, and they react with the air and then they can burn. Later in school our student may learn that everything that can burn contains Hydrogen. In the case of a tallow candle, a carbo-hydrate. In the case of a Paraffin candle, a hydra-carbon, all none the less containing Hydrogen.

Fire, so familiar us all, but do we really understand this complex reaction? Our student may find, in his studies of Science, that water contains two of these essentials of combustion. How strange is that? The very materials that are needed to make fire are also found in the molecule of a substance that not only does not burn, but is the primary material of fighting or putting out fires of all kinds. Further study, also points out that the ratio of elements found in water is the perfect ratio to sustain a pure burn of maximum heat release; 2:1; H to O. Later in his studies he may come across the work of Michele Faraday 1833, who discovered that water can be broken down into its' constituent elements using electricity. This process is know as "Electrolyses". So! The reason that water puts out fire is that it is lacking something that it gains when subjected to electricity! Now the liberated elements can burn. It seems that the excitation of the atoms has now allowed for combustion. Does the addition of electricity replace the "heat" element in the triangle of fire? Well it does allow the resultant materials to burn! So, water can burn? Is water a fuel?

Looking around, our student may see how important fuel is to our world. Everything needs fuel to make it go. Our cars, our homes, factories, boats, planes, all need fuel to run. This would mean that our oceans are filled with fuel, how wonderful! Separating the fuel from water is an easy task and has been known about for more than one hundred years! Wow. Separating these elements of Hydrogen and Oxygen from water must be the answer? This couldn't come about at a better time, as many countries have begun to talk of war, if fuel is not made available to those who have little.

Now to the machine. Diagrams of hundreds of electrolyzers are easily found in the patents of others who have studied this process, but they all seem to separate the gases. If Hydrogen and Oxygen are all that are needed to burn, why separate them. Examination of any Physics book will give you the answer. In those that have pictures, which are the ones that I personally like, you will see a photo of the Hindenburg Disaster in 1937 at Lakehurst New Jersey. Under the photo you will always see the caption, EXPLOSION OF THE HINDENBURG. Oh Gosh! Hydrogen explodes. This fuel, must certainly be very dangerous. Then to further compound the dangerous nature of the gas, is to suggest to mix the elements, Hydrogen and Oxygen. No wonder all of the examples found, show that the electrolyses machines separate the gases carefully.

It is often that Scientists are simply too stupid to know that something is impossible. If it were not for this "Ignorance Factor" much of what we now know, would have never come to be. Christopher Columbus's' failure to find the East Indies, resulted in the discovery of the Americas. I am glad he was so dumb.

The mixing of gases seemed to be the most dangerous but simple solution. Could this be somehow done safely? The fact is that conventional welding does mix the gases of combustion in the handle of the torch, prior to forcing them through the tip where the flame will burn. The calculations of the speed at which a flame can burn, or (Flame Front Propagation) and the speed of the gas passing through the orifice of the tip, controls the problem of the flame burning back and igniting the source gas. This is accomplished by the skill of the person using the torch. The worst that may happen is that the small amount of mixed gas in the handle would explode resulting in a "pop". When this happens, the person welding just adjusts the gas flow a bit faster, to over-compensate for this "Flash Back" effect. The inclusion of a positive flashback suppressor seemed to be a way to insure against this disaster. The other main consideration for safety seemed to be, to make the gas only as it was needed, thus eliminating the need for a large reserve that would be subject to explosion. Finally the containment of the entire process need be of strong enough construction to sustain its integrity even if a flash back of the total volume of stored gas would occur.

Ignorance is bliss, and blissfully savored was the success of constructing such a machine. Browns' success lies not in what he did, as much as that he was willing to attempt what so many others would have thought too foolhardy to try. The principles and systems in his engineering were sound, and safety was key in all of his efforts. The gas made directly from water worked. Water was burning! The efficiency of the process proved to be about 25% the cost of conventional bottled gases. The convenience was much greater. All that you would need to replenish the unit is a trip to your local water tap. One liter of water contained many volumes of gas, allowing for long hours of use. Considering that the ideal source of DC current was found to be, the rectified output if a AC/DC Arc Welder, the inclusion of taps through the face of the unit, meant that the machine could also provide Arc Welding and Gas Welding in the same compact space.

A new form of energy? Maybe a good industrial tool, but nothing outside the ordinary.

Nothing that is until unique results became evident in the way materials reacted to the flame. The first thing that is readily evident is that the flame has no radiant heat. To place your hand near the flame you only feel a slight warmth. Come into contact with the flame and you are quickly burned. Additional work pointed to the fact that many lighter materials such as Aluminum, have minor reactions to heating under the gas. Dense materials like stones, bricks, or concrete became instantaneously white hot. Melting very quickly when subjected to the flame. In later years, Thermographic testing if the flame would reveal that the flame contains very little heat at all, scarcely approaching temperatures above the boiling point of water. The most dramatic results were seen in the exposure of Tungsten to the flame. It was immediately heated to a boiling point issuing up its oxide. The sublimation point of Tungsten being about 562 0 Deg. C.

The critical test of this seemingly combusting gas, was to come when the dynamic expansion was tested. Using a piston and long cylinder, a known volume of the gas was forced into the cylinder head. Incrimentation on a rod attached to the piston, would be able to be read as it was forced down the course of the cylinder. The unusual happenstance was that the piston went the opposite way, crushing the electrode of the spark. Understandably, this result set all back on their heels. How could this be? No loud bang! No heat! Later it was to give found no light. Most assuredly energy was in the gas, the thermal reaction of at least some of the materials, demonstrated higher than expected heating. Yet no heat was apparent in this test. It was as though the gas volume and energy went away to nothing. Where did the energy go, let alone the volume of the gas? One worker suggested the discovery of a here to unknown "Energy Vortex". A place where matter and energy would cross over to another dimension, leaving only a vacuum in their stead.

I DON'T THINK SO!

It was none the less curious that this reaction did somehow create a static vacuum of pure quality. The construction of a sealed container, quickly demonstrated that the gas was reducing to its original volume as a liquid. That liquid was water. Humm???? From water, to gas, water? A closed loop energy system! Actually that hypothesis only accounted for the MATTER in this energy system, not the apparent disappearance of the energy. The construction of these demonstration cylinders, along with a long tube connected to a clear container that was filled with water at a lower elevation, became a understandable tool for the exhibiting of the vacuum generating capability of the gas. Imploding a volume of the gas in the heavy steel chamber, then opening a valve to the lower container filled with water, any observer could watch the water rush to fill the vacuums.

FUN EXPERIMENT!

For those of your readers who are deeply interested in math, you may want to do some calculations. In other pages you will find the electrical demands to generate Browns' gas. A pure vacuum will lift water to about 29 feet elevation. Sea water, which is a slight bit heavier, has an atmospheric equivalency of about 33 feet. If you run the calculation, you will see that more potential energy exists in the water lifted to elevation than the electrical demand to create this volume of Browns' gas that can lift this same volume.

Now, do not jump to a conclusion that you have proof of "over unity", or run out and try to obtain a patent.

All you have done is determine that this gas can trigger a anomaly that releases what was always there, the potential of the earth's atmosphere. Still you might say, this proves that you get more out than you put in. I would still caution you, it is one thing to say that the math works, and yet another to design a pump that whizzes and sucks, day after day, to make this a practical reality. It is fun to dream though!

The key still remained to discover where the energy goes. I am of the old school, when it comes to the immutable nature of energy. I might also add that it was the implementation of the "Ignorance Factor" that once again proved to offer the break-through in the understanding of this gas. Having performed the demonstration of the implosion of this gas many times, I became over confident. At one demonstration a member of the audience pointed out that we were just lifting water to the height of an average work bench. About 36 inches. Without thinking, (Ignorance Factor), I retrieved a aluminum ladder from the corner of the shop, in which we were conducting the experiments. Aluminum is a very good conductor of electricity, (Knowledge Factor). I filled the implosion chamber to the top with water and climbed the ladder with the container. Some of you may see where this is going, I wish you were there that day to warn me. Placing the voided and gas filed container on my shoulder, I struck the spark igniter.

Condensation is what is submitted many to explain where the energy goes. Reading about Brown's gas you will hear this mentioned as a simple and trite explanation to this question. I know where this energy goes, I received a substantial, pragmatic, and lasting answer to this question. The electrical charge that suspends the gas is instantaneously released to any conductor. The saving grace for me is that it is much like a lightning bolt, operating with the electrical phenomenon of "skin effect", rather than coursing through my body, the charge traveled over my skin dissipating into the earthen grounded potential. The riddle had been solved.

Now what had we learned?

Electricity + water => Browns' Gas

and

Browns' Gas + ignition => Electricity + Water.

Looks like a very neat equation to me! You might also say that I have served as a conduit to closing the loop of this energy system.

Remember I mentioned a man named Faraday? Well, he conducted a nice little experiment, some 160 years ago. He placed a beaker of ice water just a short distance above a tallow flame, a candle. He noticed the rapid accumulation of water on the beaker. From this he deduced that the primary product of any flame is water. This you can see demonstrated on any cold morning when you start your car, the expended gasses rapidly condense on the cool exhaust system and are spit out on the ground. Idling a car can result in a fair sized puddle prior to the pipes and muffler heating up to the point that they boil off this condensation.

For those of you who are Plumbers, how many times have you been called to a home in winter, with a customer complaining of a leak in their gas water-heater. The "hiss" of water droplets can clearly be heard striking the hot pan or burner below. Your customer might also say that this comes and goes, only after they have used a lot of hot water, thus filling the water-heater with incoming cold water. The vapors are simply condensing on the flue tube and draining down onto the pan. Home owners, you might also want to keep this in mind when your Plumber tries to sell you a new water-heater.

New energy.? Zero Point Energy? Over unity? I think not! But interesting? Most definitely.

I have studied Hydrogen since the mid 60s, I personally have produced steels from ore, using water as the source of fuel. I have developed burners that cost only a few cents to adapt stoves, heaters, and other gas appliances for the use of Hydrogen. I have managed to blow up two shops, and one garage, and nothing I have worked with to date holds as much promise as this Gas.

Hydroxy, because of its contractive nature, burns in a vacuum without degrading the vacuum. Does this one feature of this gas suggest pollution free incineration of solid waste? No smoke stack required?

I have worked with Brown and researched this gas since the early 80s, I have seen very little to compare the potential of advancing our knowledge of energy and matter than the study of this gas. We have conducted hundreds of experiments to advance the applications of this gas. From non-rusting steel to the removal of toxic pollutants from aggregate. Vacuum distillation of sea water at room temperature or the reduction of ores through oxidation directly from the ore. The liberation of Hydrogen and Oxygen, the raw materials of life itself, directly from rock!

When you examine that solar power, through solar voltaic cells, is a excellent source of low voltage DC current, exactly what is needed to make this gas. This reaction can liberate water, (Hydrogen and Oxygen) directly from rock, is it such a giant leap to envision a solar powered water generating plant on the Moon or Mars? If I were to dream of traveling to Mars, It would be nice to think that I could fuel up on the Moon, where the fuel energy necessary to escape the gravity of my loner refueling depot would be infinitely less than on Earth. What about the people who run my fuel depot on the moon, wouldn't it be nice if they could mine for the air they need to breath, right under their feet? Not to mention, the sustaining water to irrigate their greenhouses and grow food.

Hard to believe? As one who also studies Geology and Volcanism, I may point out that every drop of water that exists on the Planet Earth came from the rocks. Here is a technology that offers that. You can accomplish that with only the power of the Sun, of which the last time I checked, was free.

As for the discharge of the Electrical Potential contained in the gas after it is produced. Those of you who are doing the math in that experiment of lifting water to elevation. Add this to the equation, you can easily recover 70% of the original electrical demand to form this gas. Remember calculations of perpetual motion can get you into trouble. It is impossible and illegal. Like I say it exists mathematically, but can you design the machine to make it go in real life?

Here are some other things this gas can do!

Seal porous concrete and other materials without the material exploding from the discrepancy of expansion.

Alloy Steel to and silica, fusing the two materials at the chemical level.

Change the crystalline structures of known materials.

Add to or destroy the electrical conductivity of metals.

Eliminate oxidation of ferrous materials heated by this flame.

Discriminate materials thermally.

Weld aluminum with no shielding gas.

Burn in a vacuum without degrading that vacuum. By the way, It burns in the shape of a ball.

Create static Vacuum of any volume, instantaneously.

Weld under water.

Harden materials, providing for saw blades cutting surfaces of extraordinary strength.

Create no. 9 hardness stones from a normal house brick.

Does not stratify in a contained column, but rather remains homogeneous.

Demonstrates detonation rates three times that that was expected.

Glaze ceramic materials as you hold them in your hand, with heat 1.5 times the power of the Sun.

The list goes on and on, behind any one, there are a thousand industrial applications.

The unfortunate thing is the wild claims about this gas. What I am talking about here, are nuts and bolts type of applications. Cook my food, heat my home, make me new dishes, patch the hole in my refrigerator coils, those type of things. There may be great potential for the dealing with Nuclear Waste, but that will certainly require the involvement of Governments to develop properly. Claims that we have reduced the half life of certain materials are true, but at what personal risk. I would like a lead lined suit the next time I try these experiments.

My hope is to offer insights and understanding to those who will help in unlocking yet one more mystery of Nature. This journey of exploration is more exciting than any E-ticket ride I have ever been on.

I will do my best to follow this with more explanations as to our best guess scenarios to this technology.

My Thanks, Also to Eric Krieg, for providing this forum to examine these new technologies.

Good Work! Eric. Keep it up.

TR Knudtson

Wednesday, July 9, 2008

First Hydrogen Images Burning inside Engine



First images made of hydrogen burning in working internal combustion engine

(Download printable, PDF version)

ARGONNE, Ill. (June 22, 2006) – Images of hydrogen combustion have been captured for the first time in an internal combustion engine operating at real-world speeds and loads by engineers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory. This window into the inner workings of a hydrogen-powered engine is helping to optimize the engines for street use some day.

Researchers in Argonne's Engines and Emissions Group are experts at imaging the interiors of working engines. A few years ago, their X-ray images of combustion inside a diesel engine revealed a surprising shock wave as diesel fuel spurted out of the fuel injector. This earlier research is helping to improve fuel injectors and increase diesel efficiency.

Their current research focuses on hydrogen – the most abundant element on earth – and one of many fuels being evaluated worldwide as a near-term alternative to gasoline.

"Hydrogen-powered internal combustion engines (ICEs) are a low-cost, near-term technology," explained mechanical engineer Steve Ciatti, who is the project's principal investigator. "They can be the catalyst to building a hydrogen infrastructure for fuel cells."

Some automakers are already viewing hydrogen ICEs as a near-term bridge to the use of fuel cells in vehicles, Ciatti said. Both Ford and BMW already have demonstration fleets gathering data.

"Hydrogen ICEs can ease the transition to fuel-cell powered cars," Ciatti said. "We're envisioning a two-step conversion to hydrogen. Using hydrogen ICEs as a stop gap will give consumers a chance to adapt to new hydrogen economy in steps as the new infrastructure is phased in. With these engines, they will still pump fuel into their cars."

By using imaging tools and other standard engine measurement devices on a Ford Motor Co. single-cylinder, direct-injection hydrogen engine, Argonne mechanical engineers Ciatti, Henning Lohse-Busch and Thomas Wallner are optimizing engine operation and identifying the root causes of combustion anomalies, such as pre-ignition and knock. These problems are more pronounced at high speeds and high loads. Argonne researchers observe 50 performance measurements during each engine test.

Researchers use ultraviolet imaging to capture images inside the running engine. "Hydrogen's visible radiation signature is barely discernible, so we focused on the chemical reactions of hydrogen and oxygen, called OH chemiluminescence, in the engine," Ciatti said. These reactions emit photons in the ultraviolet energy range, and that light is captured and analyzed with specialized optics.

"Hydrogen ICEs are a lot like gasoline engines, except the fuel is gaseous instead of liquid," Ciatti said. Hydrogen has wide flammability limits, so the engine does not need a throttle, a device that chokes the air/fuel mixture to control the engine power and hampers efficiency (a standard car today is 25 percent efficient; a hydrogen car will be close to 45 percent efficient), nor do they require exhaust after-treatment when operating correctly.

Hydrogen's high flame speed also offers a chance to increase the power output without increasing engine size. Using a direct injection of hydrogen, the power density is roughly 117 percent that of an equivalent gasoline engine – and hydrogen ICEs start easily in cold weather. However, unlike liquid fuels, hydrogen has low energy density per unit volume – which means the vehicle will have somewhat limited range by comparison. The significant increase in efficiency will help to mitigate this characteristic.

"The unique properties of hydrogen fuel (wide flammability limits and the ignition characteristics) are exciting because you can do things with hydrogen that you can't do with hydrocarbons," Ciatti said. “For example, you can use direct injection (spraying the fuel directly into the combustion chamber), so the efficiency goes up and the power density goes up, but unfortunately the complexity goes up as well.”

Researchers are also determining the most efficient and cleanest way to run the engine without knock or pre-ignition, another technical challenge.

Because of its nature, hydrogen easily combusts, so researchers are experimenting with a multiple injection approach. They are injecting hydrogen directly into the cylinder once or twice during each combustion cycle, depending upon operating conditions. The goal is to determine the optimum timing and amount of hydrogen injected each cycle. The wrong mixture of hydrogen causes engine operation and emission problems.

The researchers are also experimenting with prototype injectors. Making them is a materials science and engineering challenge because the operating atmosphere is unusually hot and under high pressure. Sealing and cooling the injector becomes a critical task.

"Working with a single cylinder allows us to isolate problems so we don't have four cylinders to track through to see where and how problems started," explained Ciatti.

"We plan to solve problems in the single cylinder and then try them out in a four-cylinder," said Ciatti. The mechanical engineering team has installed a 2.3 liter four-cylinder Ford hydrogen engine and is commissioning it. Eventually, the team will integrate the four-cylinder engine into a flexible hybrid vehicle to test how the engine operates as part of a vehicle in Argonne's Advanced Powertrain Research Facility.

This research is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Program. Argonne researchers are collaborating with Sandia National Laboratories, Ford, BMW and the European Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (HyICE) initiative.

Argonne National Laboratory brings the world's brightest scientists and engineers together to find exciting and creative new solutions to pressing national problems in science and technology. The nation's first national laboratory, Argonne conducts leading-edge basic and applied scientific research in virtually every scientific discipline. Argonne researchers work closely with researchers from hundreds of companies, universities, and federal, state and municipal agencies to help them solve their specific problems, advance America 's scientific leadership and prepare the nation for a better future. With employees from more than 60 nations, Argonne is managed by UChicago Argonne, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science.

For more information, please contact Catherine Foster (630/252-5580 or cfoster@anl.gov) at Argonne.


Hydrogen burn video

Download and view a 25-sec., 2.7 MB .wmv file of hydrogen burning. The movie starts with a spark inside the single-cylinder hydrogen internal combustion engine and shows the progress of the combustion. Brighter colors reveal higher combustions temperatures. Engineers use a round endoscope – thus the round image – to take data while the engine operates.

Image shows hydrogen burning inside an engine operating at real-world speeds
HYDROGEN BURN – Argonne engineers are the first to capture hydrogen combustion images inside an engine operating at real-world speeds. The red and yellow images show the more intense temperatures.

For more information, please contact Catherine Foster (630/252-5580 or cfoster@anl.gov) at Argonne.